Yoruba Music

Yoruba Music (Yoruba Yuuma) de la bɔlembɔresi bii yuula ti Yoruba nɛreba N boi Nigeria, Togo la Benin tara zamesera. Ŋwana wa zuo ba mi bɔlembɔresi wa ti ba dɛna la buuri de'emseko n tole nɛŋa la kɔ-nyɛlesi yele yele wuu ba san ni tara gongon golo ŋmɛ'ɛriba.^[1] Yoruba solema yuuma yuum wa'ana dɛna la yuum n mɛ kɔ'ɔm bɔna ba tɔka West African yuuma n boi Afro-Latin la Caribbean yuuma bɔlembɔresi puan; a yuum dikɛ la ninmu'urɛ yuum yɛla basɛ Santería^[2] la Cuba yuuma puan ti ba tara zamesa.^[3]

Yoruba nɛreba n boi south-western Nigeria de la ninmu'urɛ tigere diyima n boi African so'olum wa puan. Yelese'ere n basɛ ti ba bɔna bayima la yuuma tigera zo'e zo'e Nigeria tiŋa puan de la ba nyaŋɛ ba maalekɔ la ba de'eno yizuo la yele yele wuu ba yuuma yɛla la. Jùjú, fùjì, àpàlà la sákárà yuuma lagum pa'asɛ la pɔsega yuuma la puan n ze'ele Yoruba nɛreba zi'an wa'ana. Se'em la sansɛka ti yuuma wa'am Nigeria tiŋa puan na de la sɛla ti ba na ka bɔkɛ ze'ele tuusum la puan wa'ana. Gee, la de la sankirɛ ti ba sakɛ ti yuuma wa ze'ele la Yoruba nɛreba zi'an na yamene saŋa la puan ba (colonial era) nyaa zo'e bala wa lebike yuuma tiŋa la puan n sɔi mɛŋa saŋa 1960 yuuni la puan. Gɔnkɔna wa tuusum ze'ele pɔsega la Yoruba nɛreba buuri malema yuuma ninmu'urɛ yɛla Nigeria la sosi'a ti ba dola basa ti Yoruba nɛreba sɛba n boi la (diaspora) buuri yɛla tola nɛŋa la. Ba ŋmɛ nukpe'ene mɛ ti yuuma lagum dɛna la sɛla ta'asɛ ti Yoruba nɛreba buuri malema yɛla bɔna tiŋa la puan wa paɛ zina, doose zãbeseka za'a n paɛ African so'olum wa la puan.^[4] Sɔseŋa kankaŋɛ yuum sɔsɛ mɛ yesera Yoruba yuuma puan, bise Bode Omojola's gɔŋɔ puan, Yoruba yuuma yuum kɔbesi pisiyi n tole sa (University of Rochester Press, 2012).

Folk music

Yuunyuuneba n tari lɔŋa ayima yu'urɛ n de 'dundun' ŋmɛ'ɛra a de la yuuma la buuri diyima n bala ti ba yi'ira dundun.^[5] Yuunyuuneba wa boi la yima yima naɛ la bunŋmɛ'ɛla n boi ba tɔka (ogido). Gangan de la ayima.^[6] Dundun nɛŋa daana de la oniyalu se'em n ŋmɛ'ɛri lɔnsɛka n tɔgerɛ la. A ni ŋmɛ'ɛra do la Yoruba nɛreba buuri yɛla n de se'em la. Yoruba nɛreba yuuma zo'e zo'e de la sìa puan yɛla ba anŋa puan, ŋwana nyaa ni kɔ'ɔm ze'ele ba "Orisas".

Rhythmic structure

Iron agogô luma.

Bɔlembɔreŋa bii wãra duma sɛba ti Yoruba buuri nɛreba tara ŋmɛ'ɛra bii de'ena de la bayopɔi bɔna "ethnomusicology" puan ti la dɛna ba yelemɛŋerɛ wãra duma.^[7]^[8]^[9] Ba wãra duma paa la pɔ la butã (12/8 bii 6/8) la buyi (4/4 bii 2/2)^[10]^[11] Ba wãra duma la paa la boi iron luma voole duma la puan.

Bɔlembɔresi la n naɛ se'em ŋwana: 1, 1a, 2& 2a, 3, la 4, 4a.

Yoruba nɛreba bunŋmɛ'ɛla yuuma iŋɛ doose la "rhythm" puan. Magese wuu yelesi'a n gãi tilum wa pa'alɛ la yɛla anuu bɔlembɔresi la aŋa (dɛna clave, Afro-Latin yuuma puan) kagano dundun bunŋmɛ'ɛla (saazuo beene). La dunduns duma n boi yi'i la tã'a beena vooleduma la naɛ mɛ la tã'a la naasi duma yɛla la puan (3:4) doose la "rhythm"—pa'alɛ doose dibesi batã nsɛ la dibesi ba naasi puan.^[12]^[13]

Popular Music

Yorùbá yuuma lagum pa'asɛ la music Nigeria’s duma yuumkãra duma la puan zina beere wa. Gee ba buuri malema yɛla la kelum dɛna la bala mɛŋa nɔɔ, zina beere wa Yorùbá yuuma tee mɛ doose la nasara yɛla la zina beere wa puti'ira yɛla tiŋa wa zuo. Ŋwana vuure de la African duma san de'ena bii yuuna yuuma yele yele wuu Yorùbá duma san yuuna—tara bunŋmɛ'ɛla buuri buuri ze'ele tiŋa la zuo zã'a waabe.^[14]^[15]

Yoruba buuri yuuma tile ze'ele la magesa la sìa bii baŋa na'asigu bii pu'usigu puan na, tara mɛsi la lɔgeseba ti Na'ayinɛ maalɛ magese nu'usi pã'a utilising. Ti ba ŋmɛ'ɛra yuuma bɔ'ɔra nɛri-voa yuum dagi sɛla ti Yoruba duma ita gee ba yuum dikɛ la "derogatory" yu'urɛ ze'ele bo yuunyuuneba Alagbe puan, la yuum de la yuunyuuneba wa "derogation" wa yuum ta'asɛ ti niɛ peelumi zina beere Yoruba puan san kana sa la puan. Gee, la de la yelemɛŋerɛ ti yuunyuuneba magese wuu Rex Lawson, Ebenezer Obey Segun Bucknor, Bobby Benson, la basɛba zo'e zo'e., Fela Kuti's Afrobeat^[16] la King Sunny Adé's jùjú^[17] zã'a waabe de la Yoruba nasaa yuuma. Yuunyuuneba bana wa zã'a waabe ze'ele la tinkãra puan magese wuu Lagos, Ibadan, la Port Harcourt zi'a ti nɛreba la ba buuri malema lagum taaba doose ba buuri malekãra la puan.

Yuunyuuneba zo'e zo'e lagum suŋɛ pɔsɛ Jùjú yuuma, magese wuu Tunde King, Tunde Nightingale, bini ti la daana fu Ondo puan, Ayinde Bakare, Dr. Orlando Owoh, Dele Ojo, IK Dairo, la Moses Olaiya (Baba Sala). San kana puan sa la, nɛresɛba n yuum pɔsɛ ŋmɛ Sakara yuuma de la Ojo Olawale, Ibadan puan, Abibu Oluwa, Yusuf Olatunji, Sanusi Aka, la Saka Layigbade. Apala de la Yoruba zina beere wã'a kayima ti nɛrisɛba N tari la wa'am de la Haruna Ishola, Sefiu Ayan, Ligali Mukaiba, Kasumu Adio, la Yekini (Y.K.) Ajadi. Fuji yuuma pɔsɛ la yuum-piyoobe la yuunpiyopɔɛ tole sa 60s la 70s; la zo'e yese la "be" la "ajisari" bɔlembɔresi gee mɛ iŋɛ bii naan ze'ele la Ibadan yuunyuuneba ni de wuu Sikiru Ayinde Barrister, Alhaji Dauda Epo-Akara, la Ganiyu Kuti (Gani Irefin). Waka yuuma mɛ yuum niɛ peelumi mɛ suŋa, pu'usigu kiŋɛ paɛ Alhaja Batile Alake la sɛba n de wuu Salawa Abeni, Kuburat Alaragbo, Asanat Omo-Aje, Mujidat Ogunfalu, Misitura Akawe, Fatimo Akingbade, Karimot Aduke, la Risikat Abeawo. Tinkãra la puan magese wuu Ibadan la Lagos, bɔlembɔresi yima yima wa lagum mɛ naam bii pɔsɛ Nigeria duma yuunyuuneba yizuo la.^[15]

Yuuma Lɔgerɔ

Agbe: a shaker
Ashiko: a cone-shaped drum
Batá drum:^[18] a bɔlembɔresi la zo'e dɛna buuri malema bunŋmɛ'ɛla gee kelum tara voole-duma yima yima ti la zo'e, paŋa la ze'ele bagere n de Shango puan, a bɔ'ɔrɛ la voole-duma n zoni saazuo kalam kalam.
Goje: violin de girika magese wuu sahelian kora
Sekere:^[19] a melodic shaker; biila bii "cowrie" ani suŋa, shaken, ŋmɛ'ɛra bii de'ena de'eŋo puan gee tara lobera basa kusebeko puan ti ba ti de'eŋo ana suŋa.
gudugudu:^[20] ani la pika, melodic bata
Sakara drum: goatskin istretched doose la yɔ'ɔrɔ nubaŋa puan.
Agogô: a high-pitched tone instrument like a "covered" 3-dimensional "tuning fork"
Saworo: de agogo, gee a kɔ̃a la boi la tiŋa.^[21]
aro: much like a saworo, low-pitched
Seli: a combination of aro, saworo and hand-clapping
Agidigbo, a thumb piano instrument wound round the neck and stabilized by the player's chest.
Dundun, consisting of iya ilu or gbedu, main or "mother" drum and omele, smaller drums, played as an accompaniment to bata drums to create a base for their sharp beats.
Bembé, bass drum, kettle drum. (see also List of Caribbean membranophones)
Gangan: a talking drum, has two face and use in prosody if human speech
Omele Ako Bata: known as omele meta and is a smallest drums in bata family

Ahmad Audi Adamu

Viisegɔ Lɔgerɔ

[1] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_note-1

[2] ttps://www.scribd.com/doc/85753/Bata-Drumming-Notations-Discographies-Glossary

[3] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20150923213854/http://www.descarga.com/cgi-bin/db/archives/Article17

[4] ttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/18125980.2018.1554980

[5] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-5

[6] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-6

[7] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-713512-9

[8] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-8

[9] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20101011230119/http://www.unlockingclave.com/3-2-thesis-abstract.html

[10] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-886502-80-3

[11] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-11

[12] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-12

[13] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-:0_14-0

[14] ttp://discovery.researcher.life/article/a-discourse-on-yoruba-contemporary-highlife-music-compositional-techniques-employed-in-tiwa-savage-s-one-music/dfad4ba10c7e365cba15fe670c344f28

[:0-15] 1 2 https://musicafricawakemedia.wordpress.com/2016/09/23/yoruba-musical-instruments/

[16] ttps://www.jstor.org/pss/1145717

[17] ttps://www.amazon.com/dp/0226874656

[18] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-18

[19] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-19

[20] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_music#cite_ref-20

[21] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20200925224412/https://www.lagbaja.com/drums/dundun.php

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