Environmental issue

Environmental issue

Subclass of	human impact on the environment, social issue
Handled, mitigated, or managed by	environmental mitigation

Environmental issues; Tiŋa daaŋɔ Yɛla. De la daaŋɔ yɛla n pum bɔna ita ecosystem la puan. Le pa'asɛ, yele ana wa iti zi'ita la nɛreba zi'an bii la ta'am dɛna yelesi'a n kɔ'ɔm bɔna (natual). Yele ana wa kɔ'ɔm dɛna la daaŋɔ nimmu'urɛ bii daankãtɛ paa yesera la ecosystem la n kan ta'am yaŋɛ nanawa yɛla, la katastrophic (catastrophic) n la ecosystem n de sɛla n ze'ele bo lua yɛla asi'a. Environmental protection-Tiŋa gu'a yɛla. De la itegɔ n iti gu'ura yelesi'a n pum kɔ'ɔm bona tiŋa la puan (natual environmental) bɔ'ɔra nɛra (individual). Tigere bii lagesegɔ (organization) bii governmental levels (gomenti sɔa), ti la dɛna sugerɛ bɔ'ɔra tiŋa la, n la nɛreba la za'a. Environmentalism (sɛbaduma n maaletiŋa) de la sɛba n boi tiŋa la puan bisera gee maala yelesi'a n de tiŋa la daaŋɔ yɛla dola advocacy, legislation education, la activism. Sa'amseku n zi'iti nɛreba zi'an paara tiŋa la de la tingɔŋɔ la za'a daaŋɔ (global), ita yɛ'ɛsa daaŋɔ bii daaŋɔ n kɔ'ɔm ita yɛ'ɛsa. Ko'om sa'aŋɔ (water pollution) mɛ de la sɛla n dikɛre daaŋɔ paara vom sebo woo n boi ko'om puan. Gɔzamesereba ti'ise tii tingɔŋɔ la nɛreba za'a ze'ele 9-10 billion, wan ta'am nɛ bona ŋwana suŋa suŋa tiŋa la ecosystems la puan, nɛreba la n boi tiŋa la puan la san tuni ti ba vona do la tiŋa la bɛɛna la puan.(planetary bundaries) Daaŋɔ la zo'e zo'e zi'iti la tinsi nɛreba n ba zo'e la puan paara tiŋa la yesera bana n ba'ɛ dikɛra tingɔŋɔ la lɔgerɔ zo'e zo'e. UN Tiŋa Tigeri la (The UN Environmental program), Sansɛka tiBa ita ti ba naanuure la yelesi'a n pum bɔna la bo nuure 2021 yuune la puan ti yelesi'a ti ba wan ta'am dikɛ maale tiŋa la daaŋɔ yɛla la, magese wuu Sa'aŋɔ, Tinteere n la yɛla zo'e zo'e n sa'ani la, ba yuum wan nyɛ ŋwana naana ba za'a san tuni ti ba zala yelesi'a n tinmaalegɔ yɛla la ŋwana suŋa suŋa. #CCAC

Buuri Buuri(Types)

Yelekãri se'ere n kuba'ɛ dɛna tiŋa wa daaŋɔ ta'am dɛna tinteere, sa'aŋɔ, tiisi ŋmaɛ n la tiŋa la lɔgerɔ lebekire. Nɛresɛba n bisere tiŋa yɛla la ɛ la gu'a bɔ'ɔra zi'isi, dusi la yelesi'a n boi dɛŋa puan la, la gu'a bɔ'ɔra zisesi n pum Ku bɔna naaŋɔ puan sa la, disesi n doose ma'a la tingɔŋɔ la za'a tulekire. Gee UN duma dikɛ la tiŋa la tuuse'ere n pum bɔna la bɔ tiŋa la daaŋɔ duma doose daaŋɔ bii yɛla atã ma'a puan, se'em n lilike dɛna tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla atã(3) "triple planetary crises"; tinteere, sa'aŋɔ, la kugere n tulese. #CCAC

IMPACT

Tiŋa gberekire (environmental degradation) de la tiŋa gberekire, tiŋa la sa'aŋɔ la do le la tintɔnɛ bii lɔgerɔ lebekire magese wuu kusebesuŋɔ, kosumo la tintɔnɔ; dusi la yɛla zo'e zo'e bɔŋa zi'isi sa'aŋɔ, bɔŋa zi'an sa'aŋɔ, godusi bɔŋa zi'an yalekire, la sa'aŋɔ. La vuure de la teere bii daaŋɔ duma yedeni n n paare tiŋa la ti la dɛna yesega bii sɛla n ka tari nimpɛɛlum.

Tiŋa puti'ira yeti a de la nɛreba la tuusi'a n ka ani suŋa paara tiŋa la. Yelesia n la yelesi'a n ka nyɛti la lagum dɛna la tiŋa yɛla. Magesi'a n paare tiŋa la gee mɛ kɔ'ɔm dɛna daaŋɔ kankaŋi de la, kusebegɔ sa'aŋɔ, ko'om sa'aŋɔ, tiŋa sa'aŋɔ, rudoobeduma sa'aŋɔ, basɛba mɛ kelum bɔna mɛ pa'asɛ. Tiŋa sa'aŋɔ bii gberekire (environmental degradation) de la yelediyima daanɔ pia puan la dɛna sokereduma doose la, High-level panel on Threats, daanɔ (Challenges) la teere (change) n ze'ele United Nations. United Nations International strategy for Disaster Reduction yeti tiŋa sa'aŋɔ n ta'asɛ ti sɔ'ɔlum la ka tara pamsɛka n wan ta'am suŋɛ ti sɔ'ɔlum la ta'am nyɛta ba puti'ira yɛla la ba n ɛɛrɛ sɛla la. Tiŋa sa'aŋɔ boi la buuri buuri, sansɛka ti tiŋa la miŋa n maalɛ yelesi'a san sa'aŋɔ bii tiŋa la lɔgerɔ san lebege lebege sa'aŋɔ, tiŋa la de la sɛla n sa'aŋɔ bii gberege. Sɛla bii fulesi'a n wan ta'am maalɛ daantuna wa ta'am dɛna la tiŋa la gu'a gee mɛ zala tiŋa la lɔgerɔ la ŋwana suŋa suŋa.

Ba san kan ta'am bisera ba la ta'am doose bilam ta dɛna tiŋa gberekire bii tiŋa sa'aŋɔ ŋwana wa mɛ ta'am ta'ase ti tinsi zaba bɔna doose la tinsi n maasum ba mise ti ba kpa la tinsi n ka tã zala tiŋa la.

Tiŋa zaba bii ecological tureka zaba(ecological distribution conflicts CDCs) de la tiŋa zaba yɛla n iŋɛ doose tiŋa la sa'aŋɔ bii gberege bii tiŋa la lɔgerɔ tureka n ka ture doose ma'a ma'a n ta'ase bala.

Environmental Justice Atlas yuum gulese la 3,100 tiŋa zaba bii tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla tingɔŋɔ la yaleŋa puan biŋɛ ŋwana iŋɛ la Kinlikiiŋa ŋmarega 2020 yuuni la puan gee yuum tɔgɛ pa'asɛ ti zaba zo'e zo'e kelum bɔna mɛ ti ba gulese biŋɛ. Nalɛgereba lagum bɔna zaba yɛla wa puan mɛ magese wuu tinsesi n boi kinkilesi wa, tinkãra, tuukãraduma la sɛba n lagese bigera la sɛba za'a n lagum bisera tiŋa sum yɛla bii sɛba n ɛɛrɛ bisera tiŋa la ka kɔrokɔrom n ani se'em la; tingu'ureba de la sɛba n gu'uri ba tinsi ti nɛreba dikera ba tiŋa lɔgerɔ yesera bini bii nɛreba da ka'asa lɔgeseto n wan tara daaŋɔ bii dɛga paara ba, ba tiŋa la puan.

Lɔgerɔ yesega la sogero ka'asegɔ de la tuusi'a n bɔ'ɔre yo'o ti lɔgerɔ tara nɔŋɔ bii ka ba'ɛ bɔna (ŋwana de la nɛreba n ba'ɛ yugera zim bii tiisi ŋmaɛ n ba zo'e), ŋwana wa sa'ani la tiŋa la, basera ti bumvoose la yelesi'a n pum Ku bɔna la bɔŋa zi'isi la ka zo'e, ŋwana n ta'ase ti zaba kɔ'ɔm bɔna tiŋa mɛa puan.

Gee tiŋa la yɛla puti'irɛ kɔ'ɔm bɔna la nɛreba la n tari yo'oro la peasants duma mɛ yo'oro bii voose seto n paare tiŋa la yele yele wuu vomsebo bii nɛresɛba n nyɛti ba nuure dia yesera kokãra la puansin la bii sɛba za'a vom n kɔ'ɔm bɔna la ko'om la puan ti ba vona yesera la ba nyɛti ba nuure dia bilam la. Tinsesi n boi kinkilesi wa zaba ba'asegɔ pooren zaba ni zo'era pa'asa doose trash-national environmental Justice network ta pa'ase global environmental Justice movement (sɛba n bisere tiŋa la za'a yɛla ti'a maala).

TIŊA ZABA Tiŋa zaba wan ta'am basɛ ti tiŋa gberege yelesi'a n pum dig iŋɛ tole la ti ba vaɛ isege bii wan ta'am basɛ ti zabesi'a boi la le nyɛ paŋa ti nɛreba le zabera- yele yele tiŋa la tiŋa na'amlɛga bii nalɛgebo zaba yɛla bii zi'an ti tinbebisi ni yirege bii teesum zi'isi/tinsi ti ba wan maan maalɛ bɔna nini ti ba yi'ira ti environmental migrants. Tiŋa la tiŋa zaberi, tiŋa zaberi bii EDCs saŋa kasɛka boi mɛ ti ba dikera ba zi'ita bɔ'ɔra taaba bii ayima tuna ayima tuuma. Nɛreba n zamese yele ana wa yeti zabe ana wa kɔ'ɔm doose mɛ la ecological economics, political ecology la environmental Justice duma puan. #CCAC

ITEGƆ BII TUUMA

Sɛba n bisere tiŋa sum yɛla de la social movement (sɛba n ɛɛrɛ) ti ba bise ba wan iŋɛ se'em ta'am maalɛ ba ka'ase sogero basera se'em ti la ka nara la, ba wan kelum bise ba wan iŋɛ se'em ti daaŋɔ da zi'ita soge-seto ti ba ka'asa basa la puan paara ba, lɔgerɔ digesegɔ la ba tari tiŋa la kelum tuna tuusi'a pa'asɛ la. Sɛba n bisere tiŋa yɛla yeti zamesegɔ duma zo'e zo'e basɛ ti tu baŋɛ ti tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla de la sɛla n ka baɛ yerekira. Tingɔŋɔ la nɛresɛba n bisere tiŋa la sum yɛla yuum vaɛ isege ze'ele place-based tiŋa zaba zi'an ti nɛresɛba n boi kinkilese gu'ura gee bisera tiŋa wa sum yɛla yuum vurege du multi-national corporation n boi lɔgerɔ yesega bii digesegɔ la tuuma zi'isi sisesi zo'e zo'e. Tinsesi n boi kinkilesi wa zaba la ba'asegɔ kɔ puan la ni dɛna trans-national environmental Justice networks n ni ta'asɛ ti zaba wa zona saazuo pa'asa. Ba yuum pɔsɛ tuuni wa la solemitinsɛka ti ba yi'ira ti United States 1980s yuuma la puan la yuum iŋɛ la ŋwana suŋa suŋa zom saazuo doose la tigese'ere n boi solemitiŋa ti ba yi'ira ti American civil rights movement n yuum kumese ba giila ti ba tum tuuni wa ŋwana suŋa suŋa. Tuuni wa pɔsega puan paaa yuum de la sɛba n bisere tiŋa yɛla (environmental Justice) 1980s yuuma la puan, itegɔ puti'ire yuum kɔ'ɔm bɔna la ba wan iŋɛ se'em maalɛ dɛga bii daanseto woo n paare tinkãra la puansin la magese wuu United States gee yuum nyaa teedɛna environmental racism. Tigere wa yuum nyaa ta kãri mɛ pa'asɛ dɛna gender, International environmental discrimination, la Inequalities n boi tigesɛba n ka nari la puansin (disadvantaged groups). Gee tigere wa yuum di mi'isi zo'e zo'e tinkãra wa puan, environmental burdens yuum vurege mɛ tole nɛŋa ta dɛna Global South(Tu dikɛ makɛ wuu extrctivism puan bii global waste trade puan). Tiŋa wa tige se'ere n bisere tiŋa la sum yɛla yuum nyaa yalekɛ mɛ paɛ tiŋa la zi'an woo bii tiŋa za'a waabe, gee yele ana wa za'a waabe a yɛla asi'a zo'e zo'e paare zi'an woo do la United Nations duma puan. Nɛresɛba n zamese gee mɛ kelum mina tiŋa wa sum yɛla nyaa maan maalɛ la tigere n de social science literature ŋwana puan political ecology, lagum tuna pa'asa envirlaw,la yɛla n boi yelemɛgerɛ puan (Justice) la ba zalɛ yɛla suŋa suŋa (sustainability).

NƆA(LAW) Tiŋa nɔa (environmental law) de la yɛla n zo'e lagum bɔna dɛna nɔa zi'an dɛyima n sugeri ti ba tuna gu'ura bii gura tiŋa la suŋa. Ba lagum bɔna mɛ gee mɛ kelum bɔna yima yima tara ba yɛla ti la bɔna, gee nananawa doose environmental legal principles puan ti la zona saazuo, ba puti'irɛ kɔ'ɔm bɔna la tiŋa la lɔgeseto n pum kɔ'ɔm bɔna la puan(natural resources) magese wuu goto(forests), lɔgezura(minerals), bii la zim yugereba(fisheries). Zi'isesi kelum pa'asɛ, magese wuu environmental impact assessment, ta'am kan ta'am ze'ele ŋwana suŋa suŋa category duma la puan gee mɛ ta'am kan dɛna nimmu'ure bɔ'ɔra tiŋa la nɔa (environmental law).

ƐƐRƐ MOVEMENT Tiŋa ɛɛrɛ (saŋakasɛka, ka ze'ele dɛna la ecology movement), pu'a (conservation) la green politics kelum pa'asɛ la bilam, gee mɛ dɛna diverse philosophical, social la political movement n sugere ti ba maala tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla (environmental issues). Environmentalists duma bii sɛba n bisere tiŋa yɛla sakɛ bo yele la ba wan iŋɛ se'em ta'am zala tiŋa la lɔgerɔ la ŋwana suŋa suŋa la ti la do la tintɔɔ tiŋa la puan doose teesɛba (changes) n boi tiŋa yɛla puan la nɛrawoo aŋa bii nɛrawoo vom yɛla bii itegɔ. Gee ba ta'am bɔkɛ ti nɛresaaleba lagum pa'asɛ bini la (dagi la ba de la dimduma ) dusi la sɛla woo bɔŋa zi'an la (ecosystems) la, tigeri la puti'irɛ kɔ'ɔm bɔna ecology, imma'asum (health),la nɛresaalɛba n tari yo'o bii sadoseto la (human rights). Tigere wa (environmental movement) de la International movement, doose la tigera zo'e zo'e puan, ze'ele saazuo ta paɛ tiŋa bii tige Kãra ta paɛ tigebebisi gee tiŋa woo mɛ buno boi la yima yima bii ze'ele tiŋa ta paɛ tiŋa kayima. Doose a nɛreba zo'ere la zuo, ti ba bɔna yima yima gee ti ba sirasakirɛ kelum kãrikɛ bɔna bini gee saŋa saŋa ba bisere la sɛla n pum kɔ'ɔm bɔna (nature). Gee tiŋa la tigere wa ka tari nɔyine saŋa woo ba puti'ira la puan. A yele ana wa inya, ti N sɔi mɛŋa tuutuneba lagum pa'asɛ tigere wa puan. Magese wuu professional, religious devotees, nalɛgereba(politicians), scientists(amigɔŋɔduma), akamigɔŋɔduma tigera (nonprofit organizations), la nɛreyine nɛreyine tuuma (individual advocates). #CCAC

TIGERA

Regional, National bii International level doose gɔverna tigera (government organization) duma n maalɛ tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla (Environmental issues). Tigekãtɛ tigera la za'a waabe puan (largest international agency) yuum pɔsɛ la 1972 yuuni la puan, la de la United Nations Environment programme. Gee International Union for Conservation of Nature dikɛ la tinsi 83 lagum taaba, gee 108 dɛna gɔvena tigera, 766 dɛna a dagi gɔvena tigera, 81 n de tiŋa la za'a waabe tigera (international organizations) la gee la fii la ba paɛ 10,000 n de sɛba n mi yɛla zo'e zo'e, gɔŋɔ mi'ilum n ba kai tiŋa la za'a. Tingɔŋɔ la za'a waabe tige sɛba n dagi gɔvena tigera lagum dɛna Green peace, friends of the earth la world wide fund for nature. Tiŋa la Gɔverna dikɛ environmental policy la enforce environmental law gee ŋwana iŋɛ ti la sugera ti bɔkeri bɔna kai tiŋa la za'a. #CCAC

NASAADE'ENO DUMA

Nasaara de'eno zo'e zo'e iŋɛ mɛ bii wa'am me na bɔna dɔla tiŋa daaŋɔ yɛla wa puusin, yele yele wuu tinteere yɛla puan la tingɔŋɔ za'a waabe tuulega yɛla (global warming). Al Gore's 2006 yuuni la ba yuum iŋɛ de'eŋɔ ti ku yu'urɛ dɛna 'An Inconvenient Truth', yuum nyɛ la wɔ'ɔrɔ zo'e zo'e (commercial success) gee me yuum kelum bɔna nasaara bunɔ la puan zo'e zo'e.

Viisegɔ Lɔgerɔ

Jhariya et al. 2022. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128229767/natural-resources-conservation-and-advances-for-sustainability "Natural Resources Conservation and Advances for Sustainability" Chapter 7.5 ISBN 978-0-12-822976-7
Eccleston, Charles H. (2010). Global Environmental Policy: Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Chapter 7. ISBN 978-1439847664.
Alberro, Heather. "Why we should be wary of blaming 'overpopulation' for the climate crisis". The Conversation. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
"David Attenborough's claim that humans have overrun the planet is his most popular comment". www.newstatesman.com. 4 November 2020. Retrieved 2021-08-03.
"Dominic Lawson: The population timebomb is a myth The doom-sayers are becoming more fashionable just as experts are coming to the view it has all been one giant false alarm". The Independent. UK. 18 January 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.