Talchum

Talchum

type of dance

Subclass of	Korean dance, tradition
Native label	탈춤
Country of origin	South Korea
Intangible cultural heritage status	Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Described at URL	https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/talchum-mask-dance-drama-in-the-republic-of-korea-01742, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/le-talchum-danse-thtrale-masque-en-rpublique-de-core-01742, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/talchum-danza-teatral-con-mscaras-en-la-repblica-de-corea-01742
Uses	Korean mask

Talchum (탈춤 t'alch'um) de la Korean duma wa’a (dance) ba wa’ara n mԑ gee vuge nufɔtisi (mask), a ni kɔ’ɔm na la yuuma n la wa’wasi.

Gee ya talchum wa ba dikԑ e ti a dԑna la nɔfɔtisi wa’asi bii de’eŋo bɔ’ɔra Koreans duma zo’e zo’e, ba iŋԑ ti a bɔna bii tɔgera la ba tiŋa la puan yesera la n pɔsԑ se’em wa’ana la kɔ’ɔm dԑna la wa’asi ma’a n boi Hwanghae n tari yelesegɔ wa’am North Korea tiŋa puan. wa’asi wa ze’ele Seoul bii Gyeonggi se’em n yelege ti ba mina n ti dԑna sandae noli, gee ti wa’asi n ze’ele southern coast de la are yayu (야유), se’em vuure n de "field play", bii Obangsinjang, se’em vuure n de "dance of five gods". Gee ti, Talchum dԑna se’em ti saki bii to’e ti a dԑna zuodaana nufɔtisi wa’a la puan.

Ba dikԑ wa’asi la de la solema n la magesa, nufɔtisi de’emde’eneba, dikera nԑreba pa’ala peelumi, (portray people), dikera dusi dԑԑla peelumi (animals), a paŋkãka n pugum ka bisera nyԑta (supernatural beings).  Folk dramas bana wa,ba tari la saŋa ti dabeem n ni pԑ sԑba deto n boi tiŋa la elite yangban.

Tuuaum (History)

Talchum ze’ele la Korean tinkԑsi n pa’asԑ shamanic kԑka’arԑ (rituals). A yuum nyaaa ta wa’ana mԑ wa pa’asԑ wa kãra duma la puan (popular entertainment). Ba yuum wa’are n la naba yire (royal court)—Goryeo saŋa la, (Office of Masked-Dance Drama0 (Sandae Togam) n ni lagesi wa’areba la. Ba yuum ta saԑ office la basԑ mԑ Joseon saŋa la puan.

Themes la characteristics

Nufɔtisi la wa’a yuum tari la yԑla zo’e zo’e ba ani bala gee mԑ kelum bɔna la ba yima yesera la tiŋa woo la ka wa’asi. Yelezuto seto n pa’asԑ de la exorcism rites, kikԑ’a wa’asi (ritual dances), satire, parody lanԑresaala tɔregɔ (human weaknesses, social evils, la elites). Ba yuum belum selesereba gee nyaa maam ridiculing apostate Buddhist monks, decadent upper-class men, la shamans. Zukãtԑ ayima de la tagurega bɔna a tari sireba duma la ‘‘seductive concubine’’. La tiŋa la yelesi’a n boi yima yima la (regional variations), nufɔtisi wa’a la yuum ni wa la yia nambua la puan (First Full Moon), Buddha's Birthday (석가탄신일) gee ti nambuusi sinaasi puan ka dabesa anii daare (Eighth of the Fourth Moon), n dԑna Dano Festival, la Chuseok de’eno.  Wa’asi zo’e zo’e ti ba ni wa’ara de’eno la n la kԑka’arԑ la daare ti ba ta’am sanire wa’ana. Solensakereba bii selesereba buŋa bini ni dԑna la nimuu’ure bɔ’ɔra wa’asi n la de’emde’eneba la.

Procedure

Nɔfɔtisi wa’a la pu la buyopɔi.

Yia Nabeduma  (first chief's) (상좌, Sang-Jwa) wa’a de la kԑka’arԑ wa’a bɔ’ɔra yina anaasi la (four gods) (사신도, 四神圖), di vuure de la ba sa’asԑ sutaamduma la ti ba yese 'to drive out demons'.

Buyi daana la tari la wa’asi duma banii (eight monk dances), sԑba n de yia n la buyi daana la beopgonori. Sutaam wa’a daana la ni dikԑ amiŋa pa’alԑ ti iŋa pɔ’ԑ mԑ,a miŋa n ni pɔsԑ ti a wa wa’asi la. Beopgonori ni pɔsԑ me la saarԑ yesera pɔgesi la budaasi puan gee nyaa ni yeesa ba lɔgerɔ la do la sukuu nɔa n de se’em la, la ba kunkɔa puansin. Nananewa, beopgonori zɔbɔrekԑ me (disappeared).

Butã daana la de la Sadang wa’a (사당춤) ti nԑreba bayopɔi wa’ara (거사, Geo-sa), gee nyaa ni niԑ ba miŋa tinganԑ la ti ba maalԑ ŋwana suŋa suŋa la splendor. Ba ni ta sa’ԑ dakɔɔrԑ la ti a yese tinganԑ la puan ln iŋa e ni zԑԑna nԑreba bayopɔi la e ni yuuna de’eŋo yuuma la.

Bunaasi daana de la veteran wa’a (노장춤, No-Jang). Wa’a la ni pa’ala satire n de Buddhist monk se’em ti ba yuum ti ba yuum na’asa la ti ina n de bumvɔa Buddha doose Somu (소무, So-moo), la pub girl, bii concubine.

Bunuu daana de la ni dԑna la gbigenԑ ti Buddha ni tum bii soolum ti a wa daam ba la ba di gbigenԑ wa’a mi’a. ba yuum mɔ mԑ ti ba di ba diisi la gee kelese vomteere bii tuumbe’ero basega, sugeredia ti ba nyaa lagum taaba wa’ara.

Buyoobi daana tari la yangban duma batã 3 ‘‘nԑresԑba n mi gɔŋɔ paaԑ’’ (well educated people) brɔda duma bii suurɔ, stake la yangban, ta pa’asԑ yangban wa’a. Doose kinka’asi ŋmԑ’a ti ba ta’am loe ba ki’a zipaalega, Sijojigi ('make a poem', 시조짓기), Paja Nori (make a poem n pu bii combine Hanja, 파자놀이), la catching chuibbali ('a person who embezzled public funds', 취발이). Do la de’eŋo puan, Malttoki ('a crown', 말뚝이), poetry la satire tara tuna ti ba scold la yangban.

Buyopɔi daana lagum mԑ la Young-gam (영감, 'budanya’yŋa la nԑresԑba n boi tiŋa la ‘low-ranking official') la Mi-Yal-Hal-mi (미얄할미), se’em daana ti ba daayelege yese tumultuous wa’a, ba yuum quarreled ba mԑ se’ere n sɔi la concubine's yԑa bii yire, sԑba ti daa tari wa’ana bo ba la, gee Young-gam n yuum ŋmԑ Mi-Yal ku. Budaya’aŋa yu’ure n de Namgang niԑ na yi shaman ti a Jin-Ogwi rite (진오귀굿). Pa’ala perils n de working-class vom la tyranny of men over women due to polygamy, pooren wa’a pa’alԑ la pɔsega nɔfɔtisi wa’a la (mask dance) la de la gut (굿, a ritual performance in Korea).

Place of performance

Ziseka n ani suŋa nara wa’a de la ziseka ti nԑreba bii bisera lagese zo’e. Nԑreba la ni bisera kaara mԑ hali gigeleka, sԑla ka boi wa’asi zi’isi la puan, gee la kɔ’ɔm bɔna bobeyinԑ ma’a yire la paun ti ba yi’ira ti Gaebok-cheong zi’a ti wa’areba teesum ba nɔfɔtisi la n la ba lɔgerɔ la. Gee ya wa’a zi’a de la flat floor n boi saazuon ia ba zi’a zi’an, Bongsan Talchum gee nyaa bo nyɔ’ɔ ti ba zi’a saazuon. Sԑla n sɔi la de la merchants ti a koosa dia gee tum dagina nyɔ;ɔ ti ba dikԑ bɔ’ɔra wa’areba la n boi attic puan.

Styles

Nɔfɔtisi wa’a la nyaa kɔ’ɔm yirege mԑ paԑ tiŋa la za’a waabi. Tu tari la nɔfɔtisi buuri buuri pia la batã 13 n boi Korean tiŋa puan ― Hwanghaedo province's Haeseo style, n de wuu Bongsan Talchum, Gangnyeong Talchum, Eunyul Talchum; Gyeonggi-do province's Yangju Byeolsandae, Songpa Sandae Noli Mask Dances; Gyeongsangnam-do province's Suyeong Yayu, Dongnae Yayu, Gasan Ogwangdae, Tongyeong Ogwandae, Goseong Ogwangdae; Gyeongsangbukdo province's Hahoe byeolsingut talnori; Gangwon province's Gangneung Gwanno Gamyeon'guk nɔfɔtise wa’a; la Namsadang (male itinerant entertaining troupe of the Northern Line) Deotboegichum nɔfɔtise wa’a. ta pa’asԑ la, Bongsan Talchum la Hahoe byeolsingut talnori ti ba kɔ’ɔm mina zina beere

Imaginary creatures in Talchum

Yeongno (영노)

Serego n ni di yangbans. De’eno ba sԑba puan, serego wa san di yangbans 100 ba’asԑ, a wan ta’am kiŋԑ tiŋsuga.

Bibi (비비)

Yeongno buuri wa buuri puan, ba ni iŋԑ la bi-bi vooleduma. Ba tari la serego zuo nԑresaaleba iisi zuԑ

Jangjamari (장자마리)

Water spirits. Ba ani la fat, ba ni ŋmԑ’ԑra bunŋmԑ’ԑla, gee tara seaweed ba iisi la za’a waabi puan. Ba mԑ ni naԑ me la (fertility).

Gangneung Gwanno Gamyeon'geuk, ba naԑ mԑ la pɔ’ɔsegɔ (fertility) la burega saŋa duma and the summer transplanting season, wa’ara (dancing), lɔgerɔ yԑa n tari mɔnɔ zo’e zo’e tiŋa la puan, gee nyaa ni maalԑ mɔi ti ba dԑna (seaweed).

Juji (주지)

Juji de la mɔi biile saasi . Ba ani mԑ wuu niisi la gee mԑ tara zupigesi gee mԑ wan ta’am tara zuto ti ba ana wuu gbigema zuto la. Pɔka n la budaa n lagum wa’ara kaara. Pɔka la Sira wa’a la pa’alԑ la dugebo. Gee ya, gee ti gbigema bayi la wa’a la mԑ pa’ala dabeem sa’asa sԑbi’isi basera yiŋa.